DOI 10.25732/PM.2023.125.1.001

Ticks of the Ixodidae family as reservoirs and carriers of pathogens of vector-borne infections in the Republic of Guinea

Konstantinov O.K., PhD (in Biology) 1, olegkonst@mail.ru, Boiro M.Y., professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences 1, Balde M.C., professor, PhD 1, Diallo A.O.S. 2

1 Research Institute of Applied Biology of Guinea (IRBAG). BP146, IRBAG, Kindia, Republic of Guinea;

2 Higher Institute of Science and Veterinary Medicine (HISVM), PO Box 09 Dalaba, Dalaba, Republic of Guinea;

The fauna and ecology of the family Ixodidae ticks and their relation with arboviruses in the Republic of Guinea wasn’t practically studied till 80s of the past century. A regular study of this problem was conducted after Soviet-Guinean scientific laboratory foundation on the base of Institute of Applied Biology of Guinea. It was established 7genera and 35 species of Ixodid ticks. The hosts of ticks: home animals and 23 species of wild mammals, birds and reptiles. The main parasites of the cattle are the ticks Amblyomma variegatum and s/g Boophilus. For home dogs - Haemaphysalis leachii and some species of g.Rhipicephalus. It was received data about dynamics of abundance and domination of Ixodid ticks on cattle, dogs and vegetable depending on climate year season. At the first time for Guinea 79 strains of following arboviruses were isolated from the Ixodids: Abadina, Bhanja, Djoss, Dugbe, Bunyamwera, CHF-Congo, Blutongue, Kindia, Forecaria. The two lasts are new for the science. The serological examination of cattle showed an active circulation of Abadina, Dugbe, CHF-Congo viruses. The transovarial and transphasic transmission of Abadina virus by A. variegatum ticks was proved experimentally. This tick species is a reservoir and vector of Abadina virus in Guinea. The viruses Bhanja, Dugbe, Bunyamwera, CHF-Congo, and Kindia are pathogenic for human. Blutongue virus has a serious veterinary importance. It was revealed a relation of Ixodid ticks with pathogenic rickettsia of ticks spotted fever group and Q fever. The serological examination of cattle and population showed a large distribution of these rickettsioses in Guinea. The epidemiological role of arboviruses and rickettsia isolated from Ixodid ticks in the infection pathology of Guinea has to be studied.

Keywords: Ixodid ticks, arboviruses, rickettsia, Republic of Guinea

 page 5-9

DOI 10.25732/PM.2023.125.1.002

The role of repellents in the individual protection of people from hard tick vectors

Germant O.M., Akhmetshina M.B., Ushakova E.V.

Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Research Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Nauchnyi proezd, 18, Russian Federation

The analysis of the scientific literature on the use of repellents for the individual protection of people from ixodid ticks — vectors of pathogens of dangerous human diseases is carried. In historical terms, studies of repellents conducted in our country and abroad, the current state of protection against ixodid ticks with repellents are considered. Recommendations on the use of repellents to protect against in different countries are not the same and are due to different susceptibility to repellents of species and phases of the most epidemiologically significant ixodids inhabiting there. In Europe and North America, various substances are used to protect humans from ticks when applied to skin and clothing, which does not comply with the recommendations in our country: the use of treatments with a high concentration of DEET when applied to clothing.

Keywords: ixodid ticks, repellents.

page 10-12

DOI 10.25732/PM.2023.125.1.003

Harmonization of the definition of insecticidal substances for the purposes of production control and monitoring of finished compositions. III. Gel-like insecticidal compositions

Nosikova L.A. 1,2, Kochetov A.N. 1,2

1 M. V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA – Russian Technological University;

2 Center for collective use «Instrumental chemical analysis and complex research of substances and materials»

Using examples of specific insecticidal agents, the possibilities of harmonizing the analysis of gellike compositions are considered. The method of HPLC is considered as the main tool for determining objects on the most complex food matrices. Only in some cases it is advisable to supplement it with the GC method. The possibility of simultaneous determination of 10 substances of different classes has been demonstrated, as well as examples of gel-like insecticidal agents of neonicotinoid derivatives (imidacloprid, acetamiprid), pyrethroids (alphacypermethrin), phenylpyrazolones (fipronil), oxadiazines (indoxacarb), aminohydrazones (hydramethylnone) and phosphates (fentione, diazinone, chlorpyrifos). The difficulties in carrying out sample preparation are considered. The proposed approaches make it possible to develop an analytical control method relatively quickly with the possibility of harmonization, taking into account the recommendations discussed in the previous parts on the creation of methods for a wide range of insecticidal substances used in the practice of pest control.

Keywords: insecticidal substances, determination of content, «pest control», active substance, pyrethroids, phenylpyrazolones, neonicotinoids, POS, OF HPLC, fipronil, indoxacarb, hydramethylnone, fentione, diazinone, alfacypermethrin, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, permethrin, tetramethrin, d-phenothrin

page  13-21

DOI 10.25732/PM.2023.125.1.004

Digitalization and remote pest control in populated areas

V.A. Rylnikov, Doctor of Biological Sciences 1, Nuzchnyh A.V. 2, Tishkevich N.V 3, Seregina М.А. 4

1 Nonstate private scientific and educational institution «Institute of Pest Management», Moscow region, Podolsk, Lviv microdistrict, Metallurgists passage, 9

2 Voronezh State University, faculty of Computer Sciences, Voronezh

3 LLC «Food safety and standards», 141109, Shchelkovo, ul. Talsinskaya 26, sq.4

4 «NKF «RAT» J.S.C., Moscow

In the last decade, the direction of pest control of populated areas (in cities, rural settlements, in places of temporary accommodation of people), or urban pest control, separate from medicine, forestry and agriculture, has been developed. Pest control is an integral part of the administrative management of territories and economic activities to reduce the number of biological problem species. Local regulations regulating such activities have been developed in the format of the organization's standards (NPSEI "Institute of Pest Management", Moscow). Professional standard "Pest Control Workers", approved on June 05, 2020 (Protocol No. 44) The Council for Professional Qualifications under the President of the Russian Federation, is signed by the Minister of Labor and Social Relations of the Russian Federation. Advanced technologies are proposed: remote monitoring of pests at facilities; digital collection technologies; processing of information about pests; assessment of probabilities associated with the danger of pest infestation, assessment of damage, risk from their vital activity; regulation of the number of pests to an acceptable level using humane methods of handling animals; means and technologies that cause minimal damage to non-target animals and ensure a low level of pesticide contamination.

Keywords: pests, pest control, remote monitoring, population regulation, digital technologies. 

page  22-30