DOI  10.25732/PM.2023.127.3.001

 

To study the parasitic system of the natural focus of the Crimean hemorrhagic fever in the south-east of the Rostov region

 

Yu.M. Tokhov 1, Doctor of Biological Sciences,

L.I. Shaposhnikova 1, Candidate of Biological Sciences,

A.S. Volynkina 1, Candidate of Biological Sciences,

V.V. Sidelnikov 2, zoologist,

T.M. Nelyubova 2, entomologist,

M.A. Babin 3, Chief physician,

I.A. Zhukov 3, entomologist,

I.A. Spivakova 3, assistant entomologist,

V.M. Dubyanskiy 1, Doctor of Biological Sciences

 

e-mail: tochov@mail.ru

1 FKUZ Stavropol Anti-plague Institute of the Rospotrebnadzor, Stavropol

2 FBUZ «Сenter of hygiene and epidemiology in the Rostov region», Rostov-on-Don

3 FFBUZ «Center of hygiene and epidemiology in the Rostov region» in the town of Salsk, Salsk

 

The article is based on data obtained during epizootological monitoring at a stationary site located in the Salsky district of the Rostov region. The authors analyzed the main environmental factors that have a significant impact on the functioning of the KGL parasitic system. The analysis of weather and climatic conditions of the stationary observation area, the number of domestic animals, as well as the volume of preventive measures aimed at regulating the number of ixodic ticks is presented. Optimal terms of development of the main vector of the Congo-Crimean hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHF) were established, and the range of feeders of various phases of the Hyalomma marginatum tick was determined. It takes between 103 and 116 days for a single tick generation to fully develop, which is an average of 109.5 days. The main terms of molting of nymphs in the experiment set a period of 28-31 days. Laboratory tests confirming infection of imaginal and preimaginal phases of ixodid with the cchl virus were performed. Virus RNA was detected in 29 samples (35.8 % of the total number of samples studied), including 25 pools of H. marginatum (imago, nymph) and 4 pools of R. rossicus (imago). 9 pools of ticks collected from cattle were positive: H. marginatum (imago) - 5, R. rossicus (imago) – 4; 19 samples of H. marginatum (nymphs) collected from rooks and 1 sample of R. rossicus (imago) from vegetation on the flag. The results of the research are not only of great theoretical significance, but also of practical interest to specialists who deal with the ecology, biology of blood-sucking arthropods, development and implementation of sanitary and preventive measures for the localization of the natural focus of Crimean hemorrhagic fever.

 

Keywords: natural focus, Crimean haemorrhagic fever, mechanism of infection, virus, ixodid ticks, providers.

 

pages 5-11

DOI 10.25732/PM.2023.127.3.002

 

Dangerous not only for grain

 

Mordkovich Ya. B., PhD (in Agricultural Sciences)

 

e-mail: baranova_lubov@vniikr.ru

Federal State Budgetary Institution «All-Russian Center for Plant Quarantine» (FSBI «VNIIKR»), 140150, Moscow region, Ramenskoye R.P. Bykovo, Pogranichnaya str., 32, Russian Federation

 

Stock pests not only damage crops, but also equipment and premises of warehouses and processing plants, posing a serious threat to museums, archives, libraries, and human health. Contaminants that stock pests leave in products cause allergic reactions in people. There is a correlation between the density of product contamination, stock pests, and the development of asthma. In museums, archives, and libraries, they spoil leather goods, upholstered furniture, book bindings, wool fabrics, carpets, and museum valuables

 

Keywords: stock pests, diseases of people, spoiling books.

 

pages 12-15

DOI 10.25732/PM.2023.127.3.003

 

Harmonization of the definition of insecticidal substances for the purposes of production control and monitoring of finished compositions.

IV. Solid insecticidal compositions.

 

Nosikova L.A., Kochetov A.N.

e-mail: kochchem@mail.ru

Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA – Russian Technological University (86, Vernadskogo Pr., Moscow 119571, Russia), E-mail: kochchem@mail.ru., ResearherID 213376. ORCID ID 0000-0002-1911-1718.

 

Ways of harmonization of the analysis of solid compositions (powders, water-soluble granules, wax briquettes, dust, poisoned baits, pyrotechnic checkers, spirals) are considered for differentphase insecticidal agents. The peculiarities of carrying out the extraction of insecticidal substances on specific examples and the arsenal of substances used allow, first of all, to recommend gas chromatography (GC) as the main method of analysis, whereas the method of HPLC is only applicable. The possibility of determining substances of different classes from solid insecticidal compositions with active substances based on derivatives of neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, acetamiprid), pyrethroids (cypermethrin, permethrin, alphacypermetrin, tetramethrin, d-allethrin), phenylpyrazolones (fipronil), phosphates (fentione, carbafos) and synergists is demonstrated. piperonyl butoxide. The difficulties in conducting sample preparation, which determine the choice of an analytical method, are considered. The proposed approaches make it possible to develop an analytical method for controlling a variety of solid compositions relatively quickly, taking into account the recommendations discussed in the previous parts on the creation of methods for a wide range of insecticidal substances used in practice

 

Keywords: insecticidal substances, determination of content, «pest control», active substance, pyrethroids, phenylpyrazolones, neonicotinoids, POC, GC, RP HPLC, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, fipronil, fentione, carbaphos, azametiphos, cypermethrin, permethrin, alphacypermethrin, tetramethrin, d-allethrin, piperonylbutoxide, dust, powder, granules

 

pages 16-26

DOI  10.25732/PM.2023.127.3.004

 

Innovative strategies for the protection of materials and insect control in museums: advantages and limits of applicability

 

 

Provorova I.N. PhD (in Biology)

rusina@list.ru

The State Research Institute for Restoration (GOSNIIR) of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, 107014,

Moscow, st. Gastello, 44, bld. 1, Russian Federation

 

It’s now generally accepted and also provided by the regulations relating to the safeguarding of the tangible cultural heritage that the use of chemicals in museums should be kept at the minimum. The reason is that insecticides can have negative health effects for museum staff working with treated objects, as well as a risk of permanent damage to museum objects made of organic and inorganic materials and environmental pollution. This is increasing the need for alternative protection measures for materials and managing insect pest populations in museums. The article offers a brief overview of innovative control methods for insect pests in museums. These include the use of inert and modified atmospheres with less than 2% oxygen (anoxia), which can be anoxic disinfestation through exposure to an atmosphere composed mainly of nitrogen (oxygen concentration less than 0.4%) produced by VELOXY system or any other nitrogen generator, as well as argon or an atmosphere with an increased content of carbon dioxide. There are also solutions based on low pressure treatment by means of special chambers and vacuum systems. Special research on museum insect pests have shown lethal effects of low-pressure gas media (“vacuum”) for a number of species. The influence of decompression – high and low vacuum – was studied for lyctid powderpost beetles larvae, the webbing clothes moth (Tineola bisselliella), vodka beetle (Attagenus smirnovi) and drugstore beetle (Stegobium paniceum). Specialists from the Russian State Archive of Scientific and Technical Documentation (RGANTD) have explored the possibility of using a vacuum sublimation chamber for the treatment of archival and library collections to eliminate museum insect pests. Based on this, practical recommendations were offered on the modes of exposure to low pressure and freezing for infested items. The procedures are environmentally safe and non-toxic and these are great advantages. But the safety of such treatment for museum objects, especially in a high vacuum, should be considered carefully in each particular case because of the possible influence of vacuum on the properties of materials. Therefore, there are a number of high-technology innovations at the moment, but the freezing – low temperature treatment – still remains the most available, highly effective and the surest way to combat insect pests on various organic materials in museums.

 

Keywords: modified atmospheres, low pressure treatment, low temperature treatment.

 

pages 27-31

DOI  10.25732/PM.2023.127.3.005

 

Actual problems of pest management in Amphibians and Reptiles

 

Dmitry V. Semenov

e-mail: succ-ao@yandex.ru

A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow, Russia

 

Amphibians and Reptiles are special and distinct objects in the modern pest management. Traditionally the most important threat of the animals is poisoning (bytes or skin secrets). Relatively new challenges are the negative emotional impact as well as diverse risks of alien species. Several biological peculiarities such as poikilothermy or biotopic restrictions determine actual approaches of herpetological pest management. Trapping technics and bait uses are improving. At the same time methos of penetration restrictions are in progress especially environment transformation in a mode unacceptable for amphibians and reptiles. Very important aspect of the herpetological pest managements is that near all the species are objects of priority wild life conservation

 

Keywords: Amphibians and Reptiles, pest managements, pest challenges, control methods, review and analyses

 

pages 32-36