Sanitary state of soil of Astrakhan region in 2016 – 2017 years

R. S. Arakelyan, O.V . Konnova, N. A. Alyokhina, Ya. O. Sokolova, E. M. Shcherbakova, L. M. Milyaeva, I. S. Dadaev,

Astrakhan State Medical University, ul. Bakinskaya, 121, Astrakhan, 414000, Russia

A. A. Utepesheva, E. A. Stepanenko, N. R. Kisakhanova,

Astrakhan State Technical University ul. Tatischeva, 16, Astrakhan, 414056, Russia

Soil is one of the elements of the biosphere, which is most often and intensely seeded with helminth eggs. In many economic regions of the Russian Federation, the soil of populated areas is seeded with eggs of ascarids, whipworms, pinworms, opisthorchids, diphyllobothriids, toxocar, oncospheres, and tetanids, and is the source of many infections. [5].

Of all the environmental objects, the soil is most often and intensely contaminated with pathogens of intestinal diseases: helminthiases, intestinal infections, giardiasis, amoebiasis, etc. Soil is a temporary site for the localization of many pathogens of infections, for eggs of geohelminths is an integral environment for the passage of their development cycle and the place of temporary stay for Eggs of biogelminthes, as well as cysts of intestinal pathogenic protozoa (cryptosporidium, isospores, lamblia, balantidium, dysentery amoeba, etc.). Eggs of geogelminthes retain viability in the soil from 3 to 10 years, biomelminates – up to 1 year, cysts of intestinal pathogenic protozoa from several days to 3-6 months. Most often, soil contamination of the city with causative agents of parasitic diseases is found in the territory of yards, preschool and school establishments, streets near garbage collectors, around toilets, in the places of walking of domestic animals, squares, boulevards, parks and forest parks. From contaminated soil, pathogens can enter vegetables, fruits, berries, table greens, hands, clothes, into ponds, which creates the conditions for an increased risk of infection of people and animals. A direct threat to the health of the population is the contamination of soil with CGB, clostridia, viable invasive eggs of ascarids, vlasoglavov, toksokar, ankylostomide, larvae of strongyloid, as well as oncospheres of Tenediidae, lamblia cysts, isospores, balantidium, amoebas, cryptosporidia oocysts; Mediated by viable eggs of opisthorchis, diphylobothriids. Sanitary control of the soil consists in studying the soil for the presence of eggs and larvae of helminths, as well as intestinal protozoan cysts and for the presence of pathogenic and sanitaryindicative microorganisms by normatively established methods [7].

Keywords: Soil, sanitary-parasitological studies, sanitary-microbiological studies, strongylids, saprophyte microorganisms.

page 5-11

Bats born infections non trivial epidemiologyc phenomena

V.V. Makarov, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya street, 117198, Moscow, Russian Federation

D.A. Lozovoy, FSBI «Federal Center for Animal Health» (FSBI «ARRIAH»), Md. Yurievets, 600901, city of Vladimir, Russia

The purpose of this work is to analyze and interpret new non-trivial epidemiological phenomena that are clearly manifested in natural nidal infections. The article considers (i) succession of the natural nidus i. e. logical consecutive spreading of the infection out of the its typo- and topological bounds by the chain «reservoir → amplificatory → non-reservoir mammalians», (ii) amplification i. e. the intensive reproduction and the quantity and quality preformation of agent necessary for the its regular and massive transmission for the starting epidemic/epizootic, (iii) index case or outbreak i. e. the sudden incidence of the unusual or emergent disease of the animal or human showing on the presence and disappearing activity unknown source infection as this indicator, (iv) spill over infection as outside systemic falling out fortuitous sacrificial deadlock disease the non-reservoir animals and human needless for the natural cycling infection.

It is fact that the non-trivial morbidity represented the peculiar epidemic stereotypes equally with the sporadic, epidemic, endemic. This postulates are illustrated by numerous facts, mainly, bat virus infections (diseases Ebolavirus, Hendra and Nipah, Several Acute and Middle East Respiratory Syndromes, lyssaviruses of the bats paralytic rabies). Their epidemiologic aspects are discussed.

Keywords: epidemiology, natural nidity diseases, succession, index case, spill over infection, «bat born» virus infections.

page 12-21

Distribution of tropical bedbug Cimex hemipterus F. in Russian Federation

R. A. Khryapin, S. N. Pugayev, A. A. Matveyev, Moscow municipal disinfection Center, Moscow, Testing laboratory center, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 9, Moscow, 129337

Mass occurrence of Cimex hemipterus F. tropical bedbug in Moscow city, Moscow region and several other cities in European Russia allows us, unfortunately, to declare its successful naturalization as a new resident of heated buildings in Russia, with little-known biology, ecology and potential vectors to carry infectious diseases in our conditions. Considering its sanitary-epidemiological importance and unknown resistances towards bedbug insecticides in present and spreading populations in the country, we present a list of known records from the territory of Russian Federation as well as neighbouring countries, for a better understanding of current situation.

Keywords: invasive species, Russia, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Smolensk, Saransk, Belarus, Cimex hemipterus F., sanitary-epidemiological importance, insect control.

page 22-24

Cоmparative study of Ural and Moscow german cockroach resistance

Eremina O. Yu., Olifer V. V., Ibragimkhalilova I. V.,

Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well–being 18 Nauchniy proezd, Moscow, 117246, Russian Federation.

Four Ural urban population of German cockroaches Blattella germanica, revealed a high resistance to pyrethroids (125–375Ч), resistance to organophosphates (11–18Ч), phenylpyrazole (19–25Ч) and the neonicotinoid imidacloprid (12,7–23,6Ч) was studied. Cockroaches were tolerance to neonicotinoids with another structure (1,3–6,8Ч) and susceptibility to carbamates (1,1–1,7Ч). A comparison with the Moscow cockroach populations resistance was conducted.

Keywords: insecticide, resistance, German cockroach, Blattella germanica 

page 25-31

The complex approach to treatment of consequences of stings of snakes with use of homeopathy and the device of reflexotherapy DENS

Shchezhin V. A. candidate of medical sciences, Mamadou Yero Bouaro, candidate of biological sciences, Sellu Balde candidate of biological sciences, Konstantinov O. K., candidate of biological sciences, Mohammed Diallo, Edvard Milimono, Institutе of name Pasteur, Kindia, Guinee, email: shegin@mail.ru

In the specialized clinic of treatment of snake bites in the Kindia town from 300 to 450 victims of snake bites pass through each year. Since 2012 the homeopathy and the device of the reflexotherapy DENS – manufacture of Russia, have been included in the complex treatment of patients baited by venomous snakes. By the given technique it has been treated more then 200 patients with bites of venomous snakes. It has allowed to reduce rehabilitation period in 3–4 times in a comparison with classical methods and to warn heavy complications of snake bites. Efficiency of homeopathy used in the treatment of snake bites was experimentally tested on rabbits as well.

 page 32-35

II International Scientific and Practical Conference «Results and perspectives of development of entomology in Eastern Europe» September 6-8, 2017, Minsk, Belarus

International Conference on Urban Pests – 9,  July 7–12 2017, Great Britain

Sapunov V. B.,

St. Petersburg State Agricultural University

The main scientific results of the ICUP-9 international conference in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, based on the Aston University in July 2017, were considered. This meeting considered both world problems of pest control and the specifics of these problems in the British Isles. The conference noted that, despite the enormous efforts to combat pests, they continue to increase their populations within urbanized areas. The introduction of new species into ecological niches that are unusual for them is of great negative importance, which destroys established ecological relations. Participants in the scientific meeting proposed and systematized approaches to reduce the number of pests based on the integrated use of methods of biology, chemistry, and engineering. It is noted that pest control can be effective only if it is regular, developing international comprehensive programs that include basic research, practical actions, a system for improving skills and sharing experience for specialists. The future of pest control must be based on the complex approaches based on knowledge of modern biological and technical sciences and ecological education and keeping in mind policy of «Green economy» by United Nations.

Keywords: pests, ecological management, United Kingdom.

page 40-43