DOI: 10.25732/PM.2020.111.3.001

Predicting peaks of numbers in rodents and soricidae in the South of Primorsky kray

Nadezhda Yakovlevna Poddubnaya 1, Galina Petrovna Sal’kina 2, Nataliya Michaylovna Fyishchenko 3

1 - Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, 162600 Russia

poddoubnaia@mail.ru

2 - FSBI "United Directorate Lazovsky State Nature Reserve them. L. G. Kaplanova and the National Park "Call of the Tiger", Lazo 692980, Russia

3 - Benevskaya secondary school number 7, 692994, Russia

The work was done in the Lazovsky Nature Reserve and its adjacent territory (43°14′ N, 133°24′ E). It has been shown that insectivores reach a longterm peak in autumn if a multi-year minimum of precipitation occurred in the first decade of May. The long-term maximum of rodent numbers takes place the following year after the Korean pine harvest nut. A rodents outbreaks occur every 22-23 years and is associated with the population of the red-gray vole (Myodes rufocanus), its number reaches a multi-year maximum if there are early spring onset two years in a row. Tracking the environmental (weather) factors determining the population dynamics of background species of rodents and shrews in forest ecosystems of Primorsky Kray, and using their key parameters will allow long-term forecasting of small mammals outbreaks with fairly high accuracy.

Keywords: population dynamics, peak numbers, forecasting, shrews, moles, mouse-like rodents.

page 5-8

DOI: 10.25732/PM.2020.111.3.002

About modern areal of mosquitoes Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus in Europe and Russia

S. A. Roslavceva, Doctor of biology, Professor Scientific Research Disifectology Institute , 18 Nauchniy proezd, Moscow 117246, Russian Federation

Abstract: Literature date on distribution of mosquitoes Aedes aegypi (L.) and Ae. Albopictus Skuze, being the vectors of dangerous arbovirus fevers in Europe and Russia, and sensitivity of mosquito larvae to cypermethurin, chlorpyrifos, Bacticid and Larviol-paste from the Greater Sochi region are presented.

Keywords: Mosquitoes Aedes aegypi (L.) and Ae. albopictus Skuze, Europe, Russia, sensitivity, larvicides.

page 9-14

DOI: 10.25732/PM.2020.111.3.003

Detection of the tropical bed bug in Russia

Kseniya Sergeyevna Krivonos, Mikhail Anatolievich Alekseev, PhD in biological sciences, Svetlana Aleksandrovna Roslavtseva ,Doctor of biology, Professor Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute,

Moscow, Nauchnyy proyezd, 18

The presence of tropical bed bug on the territory of the Russian Federation has been confirmed. The populations of С. hemipterus from St. Petersburg and Moscow are resistant to cypermethrin.

Keywords: Cimex hemipterus, distribution in Russian cities, insecticide resistance.

page 15-17

DOI: 10.25732/PM.2020.111.3.004

Ticks ixodes ricinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Of the lower Dniester River

Kravchenko Oksana, Ph.D. Institute of Zoology, Chisinau, Moldova

Natalia Kovalenko, Art. Lecturer, Department of Physiology and Sanocreatology, EHF Transnistrian State University, Transnistria 3300, Tiraspol, 25 th October st., 128

The current accelerated pace of urbanization with the development of recreational areas, the creation of parks, outdoor recreation, ecotourism, increase the number of ixodic ticks in urban landscapes, where ticks play a key role in the transmission and preservation of many natural focal diseases of humans and farm animals. The results of 7-year (2011-2017) studies of Ixodes ricinus ticks (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Lower Dniester areas exposed to human impact are presented. Own and literary data on the geographical distribution of ticks were considered, their habitats were assessed, the dynamics of tick numbers were monitored depending on abiotic factors, a literature review was conducted, where particular attention is paid to the diversity of infections in the organism of I.ricinus ticks.

Keywords: forest mite, seasonal dynamics, anthropogenic impact, infection.

page 18-22

DOI: 10.25732/PM.2020.111.3.005

Sanitary and parasitological control of objects of the environment. Analysis of work 2014 – 2018 and 6 months 2019

Arakelyan R. S.1, Salina Yu. B.2, Ityaksova V. A.1, Stepanenko E. A.3, Perepechkina E. A.3, Geriev Z. M.1

1 - Astrakhan State Medical University Astrakhan, Bakinskaya, 121

2 - State Center for Agrochemical Service «Astrakhan» Astrakhan, lst Liteynaya, 12 B

3 - Astrakhan State Technical University Astrakhan, Taticheva st., 16

Sanitary and parasitological research is one of the areas of practical activity of institutions of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare. During sanitaryparasitological monitoring, which is an integral part of socio-hygienic monitoring, a dynamic study of the state of the degree of contamination of environmental objects is carried out in order to predict the risk of infection of the population with parasitic diseases. The objects of research in sanitary parasitology are environmental elements that can serve as factors for the transmission of parasitoses, indicators of the possible risk of infection of the population and the likelihood of spread of pathogens of parasitic diseases in the human environment [14].

Keywords: sanitary-parasitological studies, soil, water, flushing from hard surfaces, Strongilid larvae, Ascaris eggs, toxocar eggs, helminth eggs and larvae.

page 23 - 29

DOI: 10.25732/PM.2020.111.3.006 

Efficiency of larvicides of hormonal type of action against mosquitoes – vectors of dangerous infections

Marina Nikolaevna Kostina, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Kostin Filipp Nikolaevich Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute of Pospotrebnadzor, Nauchny pr., 18, Moscow, 117246

The high epidemiological risk of mosquitoes that transmit causative agents of dangerous human diseases (Zika, West Nile, Chikungunya, yellow, malaria, etc.) and a sharp increase in the number of cases in many countries of the world force researchers to continue the search for effective, but safer means of suppressing their numbers [2; 5; 9]. Special attention should be paid to ponds near a person’s dwelling or places of rest (children's camps, sanatoriums). The greatest effect is achieved when treating the breeding sites with hormone-like larvicides of action (insect development regulators – PPH): due to various disturbances of metamorphosis throughout the entire period of development of the larvae, a complete absence of adult migration is achieved [4; 11–13]. We have successfully used various formulations of PPH: microencapsulated suspension containing 20% diflubenzuron, and 5% – based on methoprene; 25% wettable powder based on triflumuron, suspension concentrate (15% diflubenzuron) and 0.4% watersoluble granules containing methoprene. Effective concentrations are set in the range of 0.001-0.004 mg / l for diflubenzuron and triflumuron and 0.0002-0.0004 for methoprene. Consumption rates (g L /ha) in the treatment of water bodies were: 18–50 for triflumuron, 40–60 for diflubenzuron, and 12–15 for methoprene, depending on the type of water reservoir, depth, degree of overgrowing, and density of mosquito larvae. One-time application of PPH in minimal concentrations and the duration of the residual effect provide an effect for 2-6 months (depending on the type of water body), unlike traditional insecticides that are used every 2-3 weeks, which reduces the number of treatments and the cost of their holding.

Keywords: mosquitoes, epidemiological significance, larvicides, hormonal activity, insecticides, reservoirs, juvenoids, inhibitors of chitin synthesis (ICS).

page 32 - 35

DOI: 10.25732/PM.2020.111.3.007 

Disinsection and deratization in the foci of plague in the territory of Russia and CIS countries

Matrosov Aleksandr Nikolaevich, Leading research officer, Doctor of Biological Sciences

FGHI «Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe» of the Rospotrebnadzor»; 46 Universitetskaya St., Saratov, Russian Federation, 410005; e-mail: anmatrosov@mail.ru

Currently there are 45 natural plague foci registered in the territory of CIS countries and Russia, located within the boundaries of mountainous and lowland steppe and semidesert zones. Epidemiological complications in relation to this particularly dangerous infection require the whole complex of preventive measures. Specific prophylaxis of the diseases among the population cannot entirely avert the risk of human infection. Only in combination with measures of nonspecific prophylaxis is it possible to achieve the sustainable antiepidemic effect. Extermination activities – disinsection and deratization – are still the most radical means. Modern concept of control over carriers and vectors of zoonotic infections presumes provision of biological and chemical safety when handling zoocides, taking into account population peculiarities of target animal species, restrictions on the use of highly toxic insecticides and rodenticides in plague control practices.

Keywords: plague, zoonotic infections, disinsection, deratization.

page 36 - 39

DOI: 10.25732/PM.2020.111.3.008 

Modern clothes to protect people from sucking ticks: history, problems and prospects

Natalia Igorevna Shashina, Doctor of Biology, Marina Borisovna Akhmetshina Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute of Pospotrebnadzor, Nauchny pr., 18, Moscow, 117246

The history of domestic developments and the industrial production of special clothes for protecting people from attack and suction of Ixodid ticks is briefly described. The properties of modern domestic and foreign protective clothes are described, Russian regulatory documents and requirements for clothing for this purpose are indicated. The results of evaluating the effectiveness of various active substances and clothing models in the natural foci of tick-borne encephalitis and tick-borne borreliosis in the Tyumen and Irkutsk regions on Taiga ticks, which are the main vectors of the epidemiologically most significant infections associated with ticks in the Russian Federation, are presented. The high protective properties of modern models of protective clothing of domestic production in relation to ticks of the genus Ixodes are proved. The authors' opinion is formulated on the direction of further search for ways to improve the efficacy and safety of such designation of clothes.

Keywords: Ixodid ticks, tick-borne encephalitis, tick-borne borreliosis, prevention of tick-borne infections, protective clothing, pyrethroids

page 40 - 43